This data is collected in the context of a NWO_VIDI project and aims to collect expert views on the key elements that constitute transformational adaptation to climate risks.
\n\nExperts on transformational adaptation to climate risks form a small but rapidly emerging group and the topic has gaine considerable interest in recent years.
\n\nData collection took place via three rounds of surveys using Qualtrics software. In round one, experts rated the relevance of 27 elements, provided qualitative justifications for their ratings, and suggested missing elements. In round two, experts re-evaluated the elements for which there was little agreement in round 1, considering the controlled opinion feedback. All responses from round 1 were anonymized and summarized where needed by the researchers. Experts rated the relevance of a few additional elements that were suggested by multiple experts in round one. In the third round experts evaluated two definitional statements derived from earlier responses.
\n\nThe Delphi panel comprised n=99 participants in Round1, n=64 in Round2, and n=52 in Round3. In Round1, participants included researchers (n=26), practitioners (n=27), mixed profiles (n=28), and those who preferred not to answer (n=18); the distribution was similar in subsequent rounds (Round2: n= 17, 17, 18, 12; Round3: n=15, 13, 15, 9). Regional foci were diverse, including Africa (Round2: n=10; Round3: n=7), the Americas (n=7; n=5), Asia/Middle East (n=5; n=4), Europe (n=12; n=10), and Oceania (n=4; n=3), while many reported no specific regional focus (n=24; n=21). Participants worked across multiple administrative levels, most commonly national (n=38; n=31) and local (n=43; n=34), followed by province (n=28; n=24), community (n=29; n=22), global (n=27; n=21), and regional (n=20; n=17).
"}}]},{"typeName":"subject","multiple":true,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":["Social Sciences"]},{"typeName":"keyword","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"keywordValue":{"typeName":"keywordValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Climate change adaptation"}}]},{"typeName":"notesText","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"WUR-REC, ethics approval number 2024-153"},{"typeName":"language","multiple":true,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":["English"]},{"typeName":"grantNumber","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"grantNumberAgency":{"typeName":"grantNumberAgency","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"NWO"},"grantNumberValue":{"typeName":"grantNumberValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"NWO VI.Vidi.211.132"}}]},{"typeName":"depositor","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Biesbroek, Robbert"},{"typeName":"dateOfDeposit","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2025-12-10"},{"typeName":"timePeriodCovered","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"timePeriodCoveredStart":{"typeName":"timePeriodCoveredStart","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2024-10-24"},"timePeriodCoveredEnd":{"typeName":"timePeriodCoveredEnd","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2025-04-24"}}]},{"typeName":"dateOfCollection","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"dateOfCollectionStart":{"typeName":"dateOfCollectionStart","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2024-10-24"},"dateOfCollectionEnd":{"typeName":"dateOfCollectionEnd","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2025-04-24"}}]},{"typeName":"kindOfData","multiple":true,"typeClass":"primitive","value":["Delphi survey results"]},{"typeName":"software","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"softwareName":{"typeName":"softwareName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Qualtrics"}}]},{"typeName":"dataSources","multiple":true,"typeClass":"primitive","value":["Biesbroek et al (2026) Expert agreement on key elements of transformational adaptation to climate risks. Nature Climate Change"]}]},"dansRights":{"displayName":"Rights Metadata","name":"dansRights","fields":[{"typeName":"dansRightsHolder","multiple":true,"typeClass":"primitive","value":["Wageningen University"]},{"typeName":"dansPersonalDataPresent","multiple":false,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":"No"},{"typeName":"dansMetadataLanguage","multiple":true,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":["English"]}]},"dansRelationMetadata":{"displayName":"Relation Metadata","name":"dansRelationMetadata","fields":[{"typeName":"dansAudience","multiple":true,"typeClass":"primitive","value":["https://www.narcis.nl/classification/E15000"],"expandedvalue":[{"@id":"https://www.narcis.nl/classification/E15000","termName":[{"lang":"en","value":"Environmental studies"},{"lang":"nl","value":"Milieustudies"}],"vocabularyUri":"https://www.narcis.nl/classification/"}]}]},"dansSocialSciences":{"displayName":"Social Sciences and Humanities","name":"dansSocialSciences","fields":[{"typeName":"dansFrequencyOfDataCollection","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Collected once (2024-2025)"},{"typeName":"dansSamplingProcedureFreeText","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Experts on transformational adaptation to climate risks form a small but rapidly emerging group, so we adopted a broad definition of experts in our recruitment of participants. The first survey targeted a wide range of participants and included a self assessment of expertise. Participant selection was opportunistic, combining four approaches: (1) authors of scientific papers from four authoritative reviews; (2) experts identified through the authors’ and Scientific Advisory Committee’s networks (e.g. IPCC, WASP, and professional networks); (3) national level negotiators and experts from the March 2023 GLaSS workshop on transformational adaptation; and (4) self nominated individuals responding to social media calls, subject to a basic relevance check."},{"typeName":"dansDataCollectionSituation","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Data collection took place via three rounds of surveys using Qualtrics software. In round one, experts rated the relevance of 27 elements, provided qualitative justifications for their ratings, and suggested missing elements. In round two, experts re-evaluated the elements for which there was little agreement in round 1, considering the controlled opinion feedback. All responses from round 1 were anonymized and summarized where needed by the researchers. Experts rated the relevance of a few additional elements that were suggested by multiple experts in round one. In the third round experts evaluated two definitional statements derived from earlier responses."},{"typeName":"dansActionsToMinimizeLoss","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"two reminders were send in each round"},{"typeName":"dansWeighting","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"na"},{"typeName":"dansResponseRate","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"To calculate the response rate for the survey, we considered only the invitations that were successfully delivered to participants. Of the 377 initial invitations sent, 33 were undeliverable (bounce-backs), leaving 344 valid invitations. Out of these, 99 participants completed the first survey, resulting in a response rate of approximately 30% which is considered acceptable for online surveys, especially considering that, in the first invitation, experts were informed about participating in multiple rounds of surveys. From the 99 experts who completed the first survey, 64 experts completed the second survey, and 52 experts completed the third and final survey."}]},"dansTemporalSpatial":{"displayName":"Temporal and Spatial Coverage","name":"dansTemporalSpatial","fields":[{"typeName":"dansSpatialCoverageText","multiple":true,"typeClass":"primitive","value":["Global database with experts from all world regions. Expertise across multiple levels of government"]}]},"dansDataVaultMetadata":{"displayName":"Data Vault Metadata","name":"dansDataVaultMetadata","fields":[{"typeName":"dansDataversePid","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"doi:10.17026/SS/WAWCQ4"},{"typeName":"dansDataversePidVersion","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"1.0"},{"typeName":"dansBagId","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"urn:uuid:171e4448-da87-4440-9cc1-e9058e6b0fb3"},{"typeName":"dansNbn","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"urn:nbn:nl:ui:13-7cc7057c-7cb2-41d1-a679-2071a277a99d"}]}},"files":[{"description":"Complete dataset of three rounds of the survey","label":"FINAL-DATASET_ANONYMIZED_scores-only.tab","restricted":false,"version":3,"datasetVersionId":28546,"dataFile":{"id":618047,"persistentId":"","filename":"FINAL-DATASET_ANONYMIZED_scores-only.tab","contentType":"text/tab-separated-values","friendlyType":"Tab-Delimited","filesize":94083,"description":"Complete dataset of three rounds of the survey","embargo":{"dateAvailable":"2026-03-01","reason":"Paper is not online yet "},"storageIdentifier":"surf://store:19b076be047-8c5ff673f73d","originalFileFormat":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet","originalFormatLabel":"MS Excel Spreadsheet","originalFileSize":57484,"originalFileName":"FINAL-DATASET_ANONYMIZED_scores-only.xlsx","UNF":"UNF:6:g9wYZ2ni3mVyqH/ug72qGQ==","rootDataFileId":-1,"checksum":{"type":"SHA-1","value":"e33f481559809c0a0dbb994edd62bb47035e61bc"},"tabularData":true,"creationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationDate":"2026-03-09","lastUpdateTime":"2026-03-09T12:16:11Z","fileAccessRequest":true}}]}}}