{"status":"OK","data":{"id":616804,"identifier":"SS/20QIVP","persistentUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17026/SS/20QIVP","protocol":"doi","authority":"10.17026","separator":"/","publisher":"DANS Data Station Social Sciences and Humanities","publicationDate":"2025-08-04","storageIdentifier":"surf://10.17026/SS/20QIVP","effectiveDatasetFileCountLimit":10000,"datasetFileUploadsAvailable":9994,"datasetType":"dataset","locks":[],"latestVersion":{"id":29276,"datasetId":616804,"datasetPersistentId":"doi:10.17026/SS/20QIVP","datasetType":"dataset","storageIdentifier":"surf://10.17026/SS/20QIVP","versionNumber":1,"internalVersionNumber":7,"versionMinorNumber":1,"versionState":"RELEASED","latestVersionPublishingState":"RELEASED","distributionDate":"2025","productionDate":"2022","UNF":"UNF:6:LtgppmZFacWgxX9msABneg==","lastUpdateTime":"2026-07-19T11:22:06Z","releaseTime":"2026-07-19T11:22:06Z","createTime":"2026-07-19T11:21:56Z","publicationDate":"2025-08-04","citationDate":"2025-08-04","versionNote":"The Python package langdetect was used to semi-automatically identify the languages used in the metadata. Human curators verified and corrected the results. If you notice any inaccuracies, please contact DANS.","effectiveDatasetFileCountLimit":10000,"datasetFileUploadsAvailable":9994,"license":{"name":"CC-BY-4.0","uri":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0","iconUri":"https://licensebuttons.net/l/by/4.0/88x31.png"},"fileAccessRequest":true,"metadataBlocks":{"citation":{"displayName":"Citation Metadata","name":"citation","fields":[{"typeName":"title","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"No Introduction Necessary: Face-saving Answer Options Outperform Preambles in Reducing Social Desirability Bias"},{"typeName":"author","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"authorName":{"typeName":"authorName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"E. Zaal"},"authorAffiliation":{"typeName":"authorAffiliation","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"RUG"},"authorIdentifierScheme":{"typeName":"authorIdentifierScheme","multiple":false,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":"ORCID"},"authorIdentifier":{"typeName":"authorIdentifier","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"0000-0002-2105-6594"}}]},{"typeName":"datasetContact","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"datasetContactName":{"typeName":"datasetContactName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Zaal, Emma"},"datasetContactAffiliation":{"typeName":"datasetContactAffiliation","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"University of Groningen"}}]},{"typeName":"dsDescription","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"dsDescriptionValue":{"typeName":"dsDescriptionValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"This dataset contains all files necessary to replicate the study \"No Introduction Necessary: Face-saving Answer Options Outperform Preambles in Reducing Social Desirability Bias\" (RMD, word & Excel files)\n\nSocial Desirability Bias (SDB), providing a favorable image of oneself in self-reports, is a persistent problem in survey research on sensitive topics. However, face-saving approaches appear promising in discouraging SDB. Specifically, face-saving survey item formulations aim to reduce the threat of judgment for norm-violations, thereby fostering a safer context for self-disclosure. This experimental study examined the use of face-saving to elicit more truthful responses to yes/no questions using a quota sample representative of the Dutch population. We included face-saving preambles that excused for, or normalized sensitive behaviors (e.g., “It can easily happen that the limit for legal driving is exceeded when consuming alcohol”). We also included face-saving response options using degrees of truth (“occasionally”) or justifications for norm transgressions (e.g., “only when there was no other option”). There were three objectives. First, the design included a replication of a face-saving study regarding COVID-19, where we assessed the efficacy of a condition that combined a face-saving preamble with face-saving answer options (N=303) against a control condition without any face-saving elements (N=284). Second, we extended the replication’s design by including conditions to measure the effects of offering face-saving preambles (N=281) and offering face-saving answer options in isolation (N=283). Third, we investigated the effectiveness of face-saving using novel operationalizations on additional topics, including sustainability and responsible driving. The replication confirmed the effectiveness of the combined face-saving strategy. The extension that included all conditions (Ntotal=1151), revealed that offering face-saving answer options reduced SDB significantly, up to 23%. There was no main effect of including a preamble, nor was there an interaction effect of the two manipulations. These findings highlight the critical role that face-saving response options might play in improving the accuracy of self-reported data, while calling into question the usefulness of including face-saving preambles."}}]},{"typeName":"subject","multiple":true,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":["Arts and Humanities","Social Sciences"]},{"typeName":"keyword","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"keywordValue":{"typeName":"keywordValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Social Desirability Bias, Face-saving, Survey research"}}]},{"typeName":"language","multiple":true,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":["English"]},{"typeName":"producer","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"producerName":{"typeName":"producerName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Emma Zaal"},"producerAffiliation":{"typeName":"producerAffiliation","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"University of Groningen"}}]},{"typeName":"productionDate","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2022"},{"typeName":"productionPlace","multiple":true,"typeClass":"primitive","value":["Groningen"]},{"typeName":"contributor","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"contributorType":{"typeName":"contributorType","multiple":false,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":"Researcher"},"contributorName":{"typeName":"contributorName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"John Hoeks"}},{"contributorType":{"typeName":"contributorType","multiple":false,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":"Researcher"},"contributorName":{"typeName":"contributorName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Yfke Ongena"}}]},{"typeName":"grantNumber","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"grantNumberAgency":{"typeName":"grantNumberAgency","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"NWO"},"grantNumberValue":{"typeName":"grantNumberValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"PGW.20.024"}}]},{"typeName":"distributor","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"distributorName":{"typeName":"distributorName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Emma Zaal"},"distributorAffiliation":{"typeName":"distributorAffiliation","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"University of Groningen"}}]},{"typeName":"distributionDate","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2025"},{"typeName":"depositor","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Zaal, Emma"},{"typeName":"dateOfDeposit","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2025-08-04"},{"typeName":"timePeriodCovered","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"timePeriodCoveredStart":{"typeName":"timePeriodCoveredStart","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2022"},"timePeriodCoveredEnd":{"typeName":"timePeriodCoveredEnd","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2022"}}]},{"typeName":"dateOfCollection","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"dateOfCollectionStart":{"typeName":"dateOfCollectionStart","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2022"},"dateOfCollectionEnd":{"typeName":"dateOfCollectionEnd","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2022"}}]},{"typeName":"kindOfData","multiple":true,"typeClass":"primitive","value":["survey data"]},{"typeName":"software","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"softwareName":{"typeName":"softwareName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Excel"}}]}]},"dansRights":{"displayName":"Rights Metadata","name":"dansRights","fields":[{"typeName":"dansRightsHolder","multiple":true,"typeClass":"primitive","value":["Rijksuniversiteit Groningen"]},{"typeName":"dansPersonalDataPresent","multiple":false,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":"No"},{"typeName":"dansMetadataLanguage","multiple":true,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":["English"]}]},"dansRelationMetadata":{"displayName":"Relation Metadata","name":"dansRelationMetadata","fields":[{"typeName":"dansAudience","multiple":true,"typeClass":"primitive","value":["https://www.narcis.nl/classification/D60000"],"expandedvalue":[{"@id":"https://www.narcis.nl/classification/D60000","termName":[{"lang":"en","value":"Social sciences"},{"lang":"nl","value":"Sociale wetenschappen"}],"vocabularyUri":"https://www.narcis.nl/classification/"}]}]},"dansSocialSciences":{"displayName":"Social Sciences and Humanities","name":"dansSocialSciences","fields":[{"typeName":"dansUniverse","multiple":true,"typeClass":"primitive","value":["Representative of the general Dutch population based on quotas set for gender, age, and educational level."]},{"typeName":"dansSamplingProcedureFreeText","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Dutch adults were recruited between July and November 2022 via Qualtrics, a survey market research company. 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