It is often believed that the Olympic Games have become more migratory. The number of Olympic athletes representing countries in which they weren’t born, is thought to be on the rise. It should, however, be noted that migration in the context of sports is hardly a new phenomenon. To study the question of whether the Olympic Games have become more migratory, we constructed a dataset consisting of approximately 40,000 participants from eleven countries that participated in the Summer Olympics between 1948 and 2012.
Based on the data, J. Jansen and G. Engbersen have written an academic paper. The paper is published in the international, peer-reviewed open access journal Comparative Migration Studies. In the paper, the authors show that, as a reflection of global migration patterns and trends, the number of foreign-born Olympians hasn’t necessarily increased in all countries. Rather, the direction of Olympic migration has changed and most teams have become more diverse. Olympic migration is thus primarily a reflection of global migration patterns instead of a discontinuity with the past.
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Athletes born in overseas territories of the United Kingdom, France, or the Netherlands (which do not have their own recognised National Olympic Committees) were marked native. Following Czaika and De Haas (2014), athletes are (retroactively) marked foreign-born or native based on today’s territorial borders.\n\nThe depositor provided the data file in XLSX format. DANS added the CSV format of this file to ensure preservation."},{"typeName":"language","multiple":true,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":["English"]},{"typeName":"productionDate","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2017-04-30"},{"typeName":"contributor","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"contributorName":{"typeName":"contributorName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"G. Engbersen (Erasmus University Rotterdam)"}},{"contributorName":{"typeName":"contributorName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"G. Oonk (Erasmus University Rotterdam)"}}]},{"typeName":"distributionDate","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2017-04-30"},{"typeName":"dateOfDeposit","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2017-04-28"},{"typeName":"dataSources","multiple":true,"typeClass":"primitive","value":["All data was manually retrieved from www.sports-reference.com/olympics (with permission from Sports Reference LLC). In case an athlete’s birth country was unknown, we initially tried consulting alternative sources such as media reports. Only in a very limited number of cases of US athletes we managed to easily obtain reliable information about their countries of birth."]}]},"dansRights":{"displayName":"Rights Metadata","name":"dansRights","fields":[{"typeName":"dansRightsHolder","multiple":true,"typeClass":"primitive","value":["Unknown"]},{"typeName":"dansPersonalDataPresent","multiple":false,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":"Unknown"},{"typeName":"dansMetadataLanguage","multiple":true,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":["English"]}]},"dansRelationMetadata":{"displayName":"Relation Metadata","name":"dansRelationMetadata","fields":[{"typeName":"dansAudience","multiple":true,"typeClass":"primitive","value":["https://www.narcis.nl/classification/D60000"],"expandedvalue":[{"@id":"https://www.narcis.nl/classification/D60000","termName":[{"lang":"en","value":"Social sciences"},{"lang":"nl","value":"Sociale wetenschappen"}],"vocabularyUri":"https://www.narcis.nl/classification/"}]},{"typeName":"dansRelation","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"dansRelationType":{"typeName":"dansRelationType","multiple":false,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":"relation"},"dansRelationText":{"typeName":"dansRelationText","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Jansen, J. & Engbersen, G. 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