{"status":"OK","data":{"id":246314,"identifier":"dans-2a5-rhnv","persistentUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17026/DANS-2A5-RHNV","protocol":"doi","authority":"10.17026","separator":"/","publisher":"DANS Data Station Social Sciences and Humanities","publicationDate":"2012-12-01","storageIdentifier":"surf://10.17026/dans-2a5-rhnv","effectiveDatasetFileCountLimit":10000,"datasetFileUploadsAvailable":9987,"datasetType":"dataset","locks":[],"latestVersion":{"id":24641,"datasetId":246314,"datasetPersistentId":"doi:10.17026/DANS-2A5-RHNV","datasetType":"dataset","storageIdentifier":"surf://10.17026/dans-2a5-rhnv","versionNumber":3,"internalVersionNumber":15,"versionMinorNumber":0,"versionState":"RELEASED","latestVersionPublishingState":"RELEASED","deaccessionLink":"","distributionDate":"2014-09-30","productionDate":"2012-12-01","lastUpdateTime":"2025-03-04T11:06:17Z","releaseTime":"2025-03-04T11:06:17Z","createTime":"2025-03-03T16:07:44Z","publicationDate":"2012-12-01","citationDate":"2012-12-01","effectiveDatasetFileCountLimit":10000,"datasetFileUploadsAvailable":9987,"license":{"name":"CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0","uri":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0","iconUri":"https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png"},"termsOfAccess":"N/a","contactForAccess":"NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies\nonderzoeksdata@niod.knaw.nl\n","fileAccessRequest":false,"metadataBlocks":{"citation":{"displayName":"Citation Metadata","name":"citation","fields":[{"typeName":"title","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Getuigen Verhalen, Reis van de Razzia, interview met Piet Bergs"},{"typeName":"otherId","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"otherIdAgency":{"typeName":"otherIdAgency","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"DANS-KNAW"},"otherIdValue":{"typeName":"otherIdValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"easy-dataset:57397"}}]},{"typeName":"author","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"authorName":{"typeName":"authorName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"E. J. de Jager"},"authorAffiliation":{"typeName":"authorAffiliation","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Stichting Reis van de Razzia"}}]},{"typeName":"datasetContact","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"datasetContactName":{"typeName":"datasetContactName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"NIOD"},"datasetContactAffiliation":{"typeName":"datasetContactAffiliation","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies"}},{"datasetContactName":{"typeName":"datasetContactName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"E. J. de Jager MA"},"datasetContactAffiliation":{"typeName":"datasetContactAffiliation","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Erik J. de Jager Documentary Films & Projects"}}]},{"typeName":"dsDescription","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"dsDescriptionValue":{"typeName":"dsDescriptionValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"PIET BERGS (NL) </p><p>Piet Bergs werkte al bij de spoorwegen, toen hij werd opgeroepen voor de arbeidsinzet. Hij is in een veewagon richting Duitsland vervoerd. Daar kreeg hij een opleiding, waarna hij moest helpen met het verstrekken van kleding aan Duitsers die woonden in gebombardeerde steden en gebieden. Uiteindelijk is hij met twee vrienden gevlucht, vlak voor de bevrijding door de Amerikanen. Ze hebben wat kleding op een handkar gelegd en die kar meegenomen. Na een voettocht van tien dagen zijn ze bij de Duits-Nederlandse grens aangekomen. Daar hebben ze hun handkar moeten inleveren. Hij heeft één kostuum kunnen meenemen, daar is hij ook in getrouwd. Later bleek dat de douane de spullen zelf heeft meegenomen.</p><p>Piet is kort in militaire dienst geweest. Hij zou naar Indonesië gaan, maar is afgekeurd voor de tropen. Kort daarop is hij helemaal afgekeurd en hij heeft zijn werkzaamheden bij de spoorwegen voortgezet. Tussen de thuiskomst en de oproep voor militaire dienst is hij getrouwd. Hij is trots op de  wederopbouw, maar heeft niet zoveel met de stad. Tijdens het interview raakt Piet ontroerd en zegt dat hij zijn gevoelens herbeleeft.</p>\n\nSAMENVATTING ONDERWERP. <p>Op de avond van 9 november 1944 werd er een cordon rond Rotterdam en Schiedam gelegd door het Duitse leger. Alle belangrijke bruggen en strategische punten waren afgezet, trams reden niet meer en het telefoonverkeer was geblokkeerd. Op de twee daarop volgende dagen werden ruim 52.000 Rotterdammers en Schiedammers tussen de zeventien en veertig jaar oud opgepakt en afgevoerd richting Duitsland om daar dwangarbeid te verrichten in veelal beroerde omstandigheden.</p><p>De Razzia van Rotterdam is een van de grootste klopjachten die het Duits Nationaalsocialistische regime heeft gehouden. Het verzetsblad Vrij Nederland reageerde dan ook geschokt, het schreef op 14 december 1944: ‘Vijftigduizend Nederlandse mannen laten zich als schapen wegvoeren en evenzoveel vrouwen zien toe hoe hun mannen en zoons weerloos naar Hitlers slachtbank worden geleid’.</p><p>Het project Reis van de Razzia is gebaseerd op gefilmde getuigenissen van mannen die de razzia en de daaropvolgende reis hebben meegemaakt, om een hiaat in de geschiedschrijving te vullen en om inzicht te geven in de gebeurtenissen aan de hand van het thema \"Handelingsruimte van een individu in een samenleving onder druk\".</p><p>"},"dsDescriptionDate":{"typeName":"dsDescriptionDate","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2014-06-27"}},{"dsDescriptionValue":{"typeName":"dsDescriptionValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"PIET BERGS (EN) </p><p>Piet Bergs was already working for the railways when he was called up for labour deployment. He was transported to Germany in a cattle wagon. There he received training, after which he had to help distribute clothing to Germans living in bombed cities and areas. Eventually he fled with two friends, just before the liberation by the Americans. They put some clothing on a handcart and took the cart with them. After a ten-day walk they arrived at the German-Dutch border. There they had to hand in their handcart. He was able to take one suit with him, which he also got married in. It later turned out that customs had taken the items themselves.</p><p>Piet did military service for a short time. He was supposed to go to Indonesia, but was declared unfit for the tropics. Shortly afterwards he was declared unfit for service altogether and he continued his work for the railways. He got married between his return home and his call-up for military service. He is proud of the reconstruction, but does not have much to do with the city. During the interview, Piet becomes moved and says that he is reliving his feelings.</p>\n\nSUMMARY OF THE SUBJECT. On the evening of 9 November 1944, a cordon was placed around Rotterdam and Schiedam by the German army. All important bridges and strategic points were closed off, trams were no longer running and telephone traffic was blocked. On the following two days, more than 52,000 Rotterdammers and Schiedammers between the ages of seventeen and forty were arrested and taken to Germany to perform forced labour there, often in appalling conditions. \nThe Rotterdam Raid was one of the largest manhunts that the German National Socialist regime ever conducted. The resistance newspaper Vrij Nederland reacted with shock, writing on 14 December 1944: ‘Fifty thousand Dutch men let themselves be led away like sheep and just as many women watch as their husbands and sons are led defenceless to Hitler’s slaughterhouse’. \nThe project Journey of the Razzia is based on filmed testimonies of men who experienced the raid and the subsequent journey, to fill a gap in the historiography and to provide insight into the events based on the theme \"Maneuverability of an individual in a society under pressure”."}},{"dsDescriptionValue":{"typeName":"dsDescriptionValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"PIET BERGS (DE) </p><p>Piet Bergs arbeitete bereits bei der Eisenbahn, als er zum Arbeitseinsatz einberufen wurde. Er wurde in einem Viehwaggon nach Deutschland transportiert. Dort erhielt er eine Ausbildung, nach der er bei der Verteilung von Kleidung an Deutsche in bombardierten Städten und Gebieten helfen musste. Schließlich floh er mit zwei Freunden, kurz vor der Befreiung durch die Amerikaner. Sie legten einige Kleidungsstücke auf einen Handkarren und nahmen den Karren mit. Nach zehntägiger Wanderung erreichten sie die deutsch-niederländische Grenze. Dort mussten sie ihre Handkarren abgeben. Einen Anzug konnte er mitnehmen und hat darin geheiratet. Später stellte sich heraus, dass der Zoll die Gegenstände selbst beschlagnahmt hatte.</p><p>Piet diente kurzzeitig beim Militär. Er sollte nach Indonesien gehen, wurde aber für tropenuntauglich erklärt. Kurz darauf wurde er für voll arbeitsunfähig erklärt und setzte seine Tätigkeit bei der Bahn fort. Zwischen seiner Rückkehr nach Hause und seiner Einberufung zum Militärdienst heiratete er. Auf den Wiederaufbau ist er stolz, mit der Stadt hat er allerdings nicht viel zu tun. Während des Interviews ist Piet gerührt und sagt, dass er seine Gefühle noch einmal durchlebt.</p>\n\nZUSAMMENFASSUNG THEMA. Am Abend des 9. November 1944 errichtete die deutsche Armee eine Sperre um Rotterdam und Schiedam. Alle wichtigen Brücken und strategischen Punkte wurden abgesperrt, Straßenbahnen fuhren nicht mehr und der Telefonverkehr war unterbrochen. An den beiden folgenden Tagen wurden über 52.000 Einwohner Rotterdams und Schiedams im Alter zwischen 17 und 40 Jahren festgenommen und nach Deutschland verschleppt, um dort unter oft entsetzlichen Bedingungen Zwangsarbeit zu verrichten.\nDie Razzia in Rotterdam war eine der größten Menschenjagden, die das nationalsozialistische Regime in Deutschland jemals durchgeführt hat. Die Widerstandszeitung Vrij Nederland reagierte schockiert und schrieb am 14. Dezember 1944: „Fünfzigtausend Niederländer ließen sich wie Schafe abführen und ebenso viele Frauen mussten zusehen, wie ihre Männer und Söhne wehrlos zu Hitlers Schlachthaus geführt wurden.“. Das Projekt „Journey of the Razzia“ basiert auf gefilmten Zeugenaussagen von Männern, die die Razzia und die anschließende Reise miterlebt haben, um eine Lücke in der Geschichtsschreibung zu schließen und unter dem Thema „Der Handlungsspielraum eines Individuums in einer Gesellschaft unter Druck“ Einblicke in die Ereignisse zu geben."}}]},{"typeName":"subject","multiple":true,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":["Arts and Humanities","Social Sciences"]},{"typeName":"keyword","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"keywordValue":{"typeName":"keywordValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Tweede Wereldoorlog"}},{"keywordValue":{"typeName":"keywordValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Oral History"}},{"keywordValue":{"typeName":"keywordValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Razzia"}},{"keywordValue":{"typeName":"keywordValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Dwangarbeid"}},{"keywordValue":{"typeName":"keywordValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Onderduiken"}},{"keywordValue":{"typeName":"keywordValue","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Deportatie"}}]},{"typeName":"language","multiple":true,"typeClass":"controlledVocabulary","value":["Dutch"]},{"typeName":"producer","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"producerName":{"typeName":"producerName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Erik J. de Jager MA"},"producerAffiliation":{"typeName":"producerAffiliation","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"Stichting Reis van de Razzia"},"producerURL":{"typeName":"producerURL","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"https://stichtingreisvanderazzia.nl"}}]},{"typeName":"productionDate","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"2012-12-01"},{"typeName":"productionPlace","multiple":true,"typeClass":"primitive","value":["Rotterdam"]},{"typeName":"contributor","multiple":true,"typeClass":"compound","value":[{"contributorName":{"typeName":"contributorName","multiple":false,"typeClass":"primitive","value":"T. 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Alle belangrijke bruggen en strategische punten waren afgezet, trams reden niet meer en het telefoonverkeer was geblokkeerd. Op de twee daaropvolgende dagen werden ruim 52.000 Rotterdammers en Schiedammers tussen de zeventien en veertig jaar oud opgepakt en afgevoerd richting Duitsland om daar dwangarbeid te verrichten in veelal beroerde omstandigheden. De Razzia van Rotterdam is een van de grootste klopjachten die het Duits nationaalsocialistische regime heeft gehouden. Het verzetsblad Vrij Nederland reageerde dan ook geschokt, het schreef op 14 december 1944: ‘Vijftigduizend Nederlandse mannen laten zich als schapen wegvoeren en evenzoveel vrouwen zien toe hoe hun mannen en zoons weerloos naar Hitlers slachtbank worden geleid’.</p><p>Het project Reis van de Razzia is gebaseerd op gefilmde getuigenissen van mannen die de razzia en de daaropvolgende reis hebben meegemaakt, om een hiaat in de geschiedschrijving te vullen en om inzicht te geven in de gebeurtenissen aan de hand van het thema \"Handelingsruimte van een individu in een samenleving onder druk\".</p><p>De getuigenissen in Reis van de Razzia zijn gedaan door mannen die nu gemiddeld 87 jaar oud zijn en indertijd, eind 1944, tussen de 17 en 21 jaar oud waren. In de getuigenissen van deze jongens valt te horen wat hun overkomen is tijdens de oorlogsjaren en wat hun handelingsruimte was ten tijde van de razzia. Maar ook hoe de ervaring van de reis van de razzia, naar Duitsland en Oost-Nederland, hun verzelfstandiging in de hand heeft gewerkt.</p><p>Na de bevrijding pakten de jongens de draad weer op, in een groot aantal gevallen nog onderbroken door de politionele acties in Indonesië. Maar uiteindelijk kregen ze een eigen leven, een eigen gezin, in een Nederland dat volop in het teken stond van de wederopbouw.</p><p>Het project bestaat uit 76 interviews. Ieder interview is beschikbaar als afzonderlijke dataset met een eigen Persistent Identifier. Iedere dataset is als volgt opgebouwd:<br>* Bestand .docx-bestand is de transcriptie in Word.<br>* Bestand _3, indien aanwezig, bevat een beschrijving van de route die geïnterviewde heeft afgelegd.<br>* Soms heeft de geïnterviewde aanvullende informatie, zoals foto's of een (eerder geschreven) verslag, beschikbaar gesteld. Deze informatie is dan opgenomen als _data en/of _fotobestand in de desbetreffende dataset. 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